Système électoral anglais

Thèmes abordés

Système électoral anglais, royaume uni, élections, monarchie parlementaire

Résumé du document

Ce document est une explication synthétique de la manière dont marche le système électoral de la monarchie parlementaire anglaise, agrémenté d'une mise en perspective prenant en compte les résultats des élections récentes.
cette fiche donne le vocabulaire idiomatique principal utilisé par les anglophones en référence au système politique du royaume uni

Extraits

[...] The leader of the opposition named the shadow cabinet. The shadow cabinet does not challenge the elected government. In many parliaments and other similar assemblies, seating is typically arranged in banks or rows, with each political party or caucus grouped together. The spokespeople for each group will often sit at the front of their group, and are then known as being on the frontbench (or front bench) and are described as frontbenchers. Those sitting behind them are known as backbenchers. [...]

[...] The House of Lords examine and review the project law of presented by the House of Lords Basically, there are elections when the Parliament is dissolved (by a royal decision or because the normal legislature has arrived to its end, that is to say, each 5 years). The Prime Minister sets the date of the polls (in fact, he asks to the King/Queen to dissolve the Parliament and to allow the organization of the next election in the following month). How the polls work: Each elector vote for a MP who represent the political party that he wants to vote for. The MP who has the majority of the vote wins the seat. [...]

[...] Backbencher: In Westminster parliamentary systems, a backbencher is a Member of Parliament or a legislator who does not hold governmental office and is not a Front Bench spokesperson in the Opposition. A backbencher may be a new parliamentary member yet to receive high office, a senior figure dropped from government, or someone who for whatever reason is not chosen to sit either in the ministry or the opposition Shadow Ministry. Frontbencher: In the British House of Commons, the Government frontbench is traditionally called the treasury bench ('the treasury' is the oldest government department). [...]

[...] (système uninominal majoritaire à un tour). A political party can have the power without having obtained the majority at the national scale (majorité absolue pas necessaire dans les circonscriptions). Today, there is what we call a “hung Parliament” (that is to say, a Parliament without a majority). That is why there are coalitions which are formed at each vote. “First past the post”: there are 650 electoral constituencies in GB. The winner of the election just needs to be in the lead during the only ballot, without having the absolute majority of the votes. [...]