An examination of the movement's structure-organization-leadership nexus.

Henkes c.

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An examination of the movement's "structure-organization-leadership" nexus.

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However it is a mental picture, Martin Luther King representing the black movement or Gandhi as the figurhead of the Indian non-violent independence movement, the 'leadership phenomenon' can not be reduced to a simple interaction between a leader and a social movement. Theoretically speaking, the structure of a movement holds with it, the kind of leadership it requires. Along with an analysis of the French anti-CPE movement, we will try and answer all the above questions, whereas the overall research question may be formulated as follows: did the leaders of the French anti-CPE movement interact with (its) their own structure and the environment to create the observed outcomes? The anti-CPE social movement started among students and reached little by little all the classes of the French population. As it started more as a 'feeling' of social injustice, it did not really include any leader at the very beginning.

Sommaire

Contextual considerations and explanations - 2006 The French movement against the First Job Contract
1. A French insight into the movement
2. The law concerning equal opportunities
3. The target of the protest
Descriptive considerations: the movement's type and structure
1. Type of movement
2. The movement's structure
Focus on the leadership. What it should have been, what it really was
1. Leadership in networked movements
2. When leadership interacts with the environment
3. Enlightening elements from theoretical studies

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Extraits

[...] & Morris, Aldon D. (Eds.) (2001). Oppositional consciousness: the subjective roots of social protest. University of Chicago Press: 309. Mehra, Ajay and all. (2006). Distributed leadership in teams: The network of leadership perceptions and team performance. The Leadership Quarterly, 232-245. Morris, Aldon D. & Staggenborg, Susan. (2004). [...]

[...] In Klandermans, Bert & Roggeband, Conny (Eds.): Handbook of social Movements across Disciplines. Springer Publication. Mansbridge, Jane J. & Morris, Aldon D. (Eds.) (2001). Oppositional consciousness: the subjective roots of social protest. University of Chicago Press: 309. Gusfield, Joseph R. (1966). Functional Areas of Leadership in Social Movements. Sociological Quarterly 137-156. [...]

[...] Leadership in Social Movements. Sociological Inquiry, 99-107. Freeman, Jo & Johnson, Victoria (Eds.) (1999). Waves of Protest: social movements since the 1960s. Rowman and Littlefield Publication: 400. Ganz, Marshall (2000). Resources and Resourcefulness: Strategic Capacity in the Unionization of California Agriculture: 1959- 1966. American Journal of Sociology 105(4):1003-62. Goldstone, Jack A. (2001). Toward a Fourth Generation of Revolutionary Theory. [...]

[...] (2001). The Nature of Leadership. Human Relations, 54: 469. Bryman, Alan (2004). Qualitative research on leadership: A critical but appreciative review. The Leadership Quarterly, 15: 729-769. Couto, Richard A. (1993). Narrative, Free Space, and Political Leadership in Social Movements. The Journal of Politics, 57-79. Eichler, Margaret (1977). [...]

[...] Morris and Braine's typology thus rests on both movements goals and systems of domination. Relating the goal of the movement to its preexisting group base produces a typology consisting of three types of movements. Each of these movements standing in a different relationship to enduring systems of domination. “Liberation movements” are populated by members of oppressed groups, who draw on the infrastructure of their oppositional culture. In other words, those movements are based on historically subordinate groups and aim at overthrowing the system of domination that subordinates those groups. [...]

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