Franco's Spain (1939-1975) and Pinochet's Chile (1974 ? 1981)

Résumé du document

Dictatorship is a political regime in which an individual (or an assembly) gathers and gets all the powers. The political leader is not elected and his power is arbitrary and coercive. Violence is used as a means against any form of opposition. This political analysis will deal with Franco's Spain and Pinochet's Chile. The comparative analysis will focus on two main points. But at first, we will establish the context in which a dictatorship can settle in a State.

Extraits

[...] This political analysis will deal with Franco's Spain and Pinochet's Chile. The comparative analysis will focus on two main points: At first, we will establish the context in which a dictatorship can settle in a State. In a second part, we will recall how each dictatorship ended. This comparative study will emphasize the fact that two regimes qualified as dictatorship can have very different characteristics. The political and economic structures of a dictatorship The Aftermath of Civil War in Spain The civil war ended on April 1st 1939. [...]

[...] Juan Carlos de Borbon, Franco's designated showed his opened and fresh mind and freed Spain setting up new policies and creating a constitution. The end of the Chilean dictatorship was a lot slower. Political parties were legalised in 1987. In spite of all difficulties, these legal and freed parties had a strong influence during the Chilean Referendum (organised following the creation and application of the Chilean constitution in 1980). It would decide the extended mandate of Pinochet until of the Chilean people voted against the extended mandate. [...]

[...] The aftermath of a coup in Chile General Pinochet took over the power on September 11th 1973 by force. It was a Coup against the socialist government of the president Salvador Allende (Popular Unit). Pinochet became by decree "The Supreme leader of the nation". We often define dictatorship by the personality of its leader. This is very true as we can clearly identify a real personification of power both in Spain and in Chile. This will show even more the arbitrariness of the regime. [...]

[...] As a consequence, Pinochet decided to be out of the executive power. Nevertheless, he kept being in the political scene. In March 1998, he became Senator for life. In 2000, for the very first time, Pinochet was charged for abductions and assassinations of political prisoners and therefore he was assigned to residence. As a conclusion, in dictatorships, people lived in a climate of violence, fear and resignation. People had no human or civil rights and freedom except religious freedom (only if you were catholic). [...]