Démocratie et Démocratisation en Asie du Sud et de l'Est

Résumé du document

Devoir rendu dans le cadre d'un cours de Democracy and Democratization in South and East Asia, répondant au sujet suivant : To what extent and on what conditions might democracy be imposed (hence undemocratically) by a foreign power?

Extraits

[...] Conversely, the absence of reactions is a matter of not providing assistance to anyone in danger. Interference, in the way of imposing democracy to authoritarian estate for instance, would constitute an application of "universal solidarity". Humanitarian intervention must be expressed first and foremost in the form of multilateral collaboration in order to reduce the most glaring inequalities and to establish conditions of existence all over the world that are less unworthy of human beings. The reasons for humanitarian intervention may include: the desire to impose a ceasefire even without the consent of the parties; the intention to impose respect for human rights when a government is unable to do so or violates them on a large scale; the desire to put an end to the suffering of civilians or to protect international assistance when local authorities are outdated or resistant. [...]

[...] Yet, should it not be imposed in certain specific cases characterized by a convergence between the aspirations of the "interventionist" states and those of the local populations? On certain conditions, democracy could be imposed by foreign powers, as a response to human tragedies and suffering. The main condition for democracy to be rooted in a country, would thus be the necessary participation of the population concerned. Interference may be, first of all, a genuine response to suffering and human tragedies. [...]

[...] Democracy seems to guarantee the possibility for all individuals to govern and obey. Above all, it manifests itself in the possibility for all to participate freely in politics. Such is the representation that Herodotus (485-425 BC) gave in his Histories, tracing the Greco-Persian Wars. Democracy has, thus, existed for millennia and is today the political regime and the form of thinking the most widespread in the world. Even if criticized, democracy prevails over the entire planet, to the point of wanting to impose it, when it is not already rooted there. [...]

[...] » In Revue Théologique de Louvain pp. 161-168. GRAEGRATH Bernhard. « Ingérence et droit international ». In Dérives humanitaires HOURS Bernard. « L'idéologie humanitaire ». In Journal des anthropologues. 77-78 1999, 277-284. HOFFMANN Nathalie. « Les démocraties asiatiques et leurs capacités de résistance aux crises ». [...]

[...] In Journal of Democracy DE TOCQUEVILLE Alexis. De la démocratie en Amérique MARGOLIN Jean-Louis. « Développement et démocratie en Asie du Sud-Est ». In Politique étrangère pp. 571-583 TOLOTTI Sandrine. « Peut-on exporter la démocratie ? ». In Alternatives internationales, n°30, p.50- VERMEREN Pauline. « Léa Todorov, Sauver l'humanité aux heures de bureau ». [...]