The European Union and the global economy

Résumé du document

The principle of creating a political and economic union in Europe is not new. In fact, long before the twentieth century, Victor Hugo advocated that European states needed to build one united Europe unite in order to remove the national rivalries and to control the division of interest between competing European powers. However, the development of Europe really started after the Second World War. In fact, in a rebuilding context and the start of the "cold war", the states of Western Europe have begun to adopt the American economy politic. In the west the US provided economic aid (the Marshall Plan) and led a military alliance (NATO). Liberal democracy was generally fostered, and capitalism measures were used to achieve growth. Thus, we will study the process of the economic integration, and then we will see how Europe has been built with the Single Monetary Market and the Economic Monetary Union. And finally we will see that Europe has adopted a neo-liberal principle.

Extraits

[...] This measure has known success since the 1st January 1993. However, the freedom of movement of people was more sensitive. If at the start of the European Community this liberty affects only the labours, the drafting of European citizenship with the Maastricht Treaty and the Schengen convention (be effective 1995) have allowed to extend this liberty to many people. Concerning the freedom of movement of capital, the task has been not easy. It has begun with a directive in 1988 but it has known hard increase since the introduction of the Euro. [...]

[...] The third objective is the answer of the globalization of economy. In fact, the acceleration of communication, the generalization of information, the liberalization of exchanges and the globalization of financial market have pushed European countries to unite. Single European Market (SEM) The SEM is up rise since the treaty establishing the European Economic Community in 1957; it is the main objective of its treaty. In fact, it is on the setting up of the Common Market that the realization of the aims of the Community rest on. [...]

[...] The European case is a melting pot of these theories. At the end of the Second World War, the world was cut in two blocks. In fact, in one hand there are the communism and on the other hand there the capitalism. From the beginning, Western Europe has made the choice to combine with the American and indirectly with the capitalist ideology. The Marshall plan was the first step in the integration of the liberal policies. In fact, American has given aid to rebuild the European economy. [...]

[...] The European Union and the global economy BA (EIBC): English for International Business and Communication The principle to create a political and economic union in Europe is not new. In fact, long before the twentieth century, Victor Hugo advocates that European states have needed to build one Europe unite; in order to remove the national rivalries and to control the division of interest between competing European powers. However, the development of Europe has really started after the Second World War. [...]

[...] An exchange rate mechanism: each currency had an exchange rate linked to the ECU with fluctuation of A credit mechanism: the states have to give 20% of their currency and gold reserve to a joint fund. This system has known problem according to the reunification of Germany and monetary tension. Thus, in 1989 in Madrid, European states have adopted a three-stage plan for Economic and Monetary Union. It has been inserted in the Maastricht Treaty and adopted in 1991 by the European council. [...]