How does emerging China affect energy markets? (2006)

Résumé du document

For more than 20 years, China has been the witnessing the highest growth rate of the world, with an annual growth rate of nine percent. Chinese authorities are forecasting a 7% annual growth until 2020, and a high growth rate until 2050. Therefore, Chinese energy needs are increasing, and will continue to do so. As China has not enough energy sources within its borders, it has to go abroad to get the necessary sources of energy, despite possessing huge reserves of coal for instance. Coal, oil, electricity, gas and renewable energy sources are the main energy sources in China. There are three ways to cope with a lack of energy in China; the first is to find some source in China, the second one is to buy foreign companies out of China, and the third is to develop oil management within Chinese borders.

Extraits

[...] (October) International Energy Agency (2000), China' worlwide quest for energysecurity” Izraelewicz, E., (2005) Quand la Chine change le monde Le Livre de Poche. Kristoffersen, Henning, (Spring 2005) Young in China Values and Strategies of the Deng Generation University of Oslo. Latour, J-L., (2005), nouvelle géo économie des hydrocarbures en Asie du French Economic Mission of New Delhi (May) Lavorel, D., (2004a), L'électricité en Chine French Economic Mission of Beijing (August). Lavorel, D., (2004b), Le pétrole en Chine French Economic Mission of Beijing (August). [...]

[...] As a conclusion, we can say that China is influencing energy markets. Energy supplies of China are developing abroad, and therefore affect other economies or countries such as the US. There are three ways to cope with a lack of energy in China according to Wang Zhao, an economist of the Governement; the first is to find some in China, the second one is to buy foreign companies out of China, and the third is to develop oil management within Chinese borders. [...]

[...] The reason is that the price is expensive respecting to thermical energy, 0,5yuan/kWh against 0,3yuan/kWh due to high investment costs (Le Mee 2004b). Solar energy: China has an important potential concerning solar energy. Potential resources are estimated to the equivalent of 1700 billion tons of coal. This potential is mainly located in the West, where regions as Tibet receives more than 3000 hours of sun a year (Le Mee 2004b). As a conclusion, China, the fastest growing economy of the world, requires more and more energy. [...]

[...] Volkswagen and General Motors had to stop their production several times, and many production plants have to stop their production two or three days a week, due to electricity shortage (Izraelewicz 2005). Rising energy needs are the direct consequence of growth in all sectors. In spite Chinese government knows that and established new policies to diversify its energy internal sources, the ratio of dependence to importations has been rising. But what are the different sources of energy in China? Coal (Le Mee 2004a) Coal is the main source of energy. [...]

[...] To prevent oil crisis, Chinese authorities have developed the following strategy (Lavorel 2004b): Develop national production. It is for example estimated that 80% of offshore resources haven't been explored, partly due to CNOOC monopoly situation. Develop oil transportation infrastructures. Due to the soak railway network, oil companies are planning to build pipelines. CNPC is forecasting to multiply by four its network between 2004 and 2010. Invest increasingly abroad. In 2003, CNPC have invested in projects in Libya, Algeria, Oman, Syria, Iran, Kazakhstan etc. [...]