The causes of the rise in precarious and contingent employment

Résumé du document

Temporary agencies are responsible for the people who are unemployed, under-employed and the people who are struggling to find work. They are given job assignments based on contract work and are paid low wages.

Extraits

[...] Social location again “Each of the facets are linked to men's and women's differential responsibilities for social reproduction and to the unequal relations of distribution in households” Cranford and Vosko Feminization of Employment The Gendering of jobs “the gendering of jobs is inextricably linked to social reproduction” -Cranford and Vosko Gender reflection within jobs: Domestic worker, child care, nursing, service occupations Feminization of Employment Paid domestic work Unprotected Treated poorly Assumed that they don't need more http://www.solidaritycenter.org/content_images/decent%20work%20domestic%20workers%20oct%207%20revised.jpg Post war legislation was introduced to benefit Assumed that women did not need proper benefits because they were apart of a dual income household, where the male provided proper coverage Social Location: Wage Workers The four types of wage work Full-time permanent employment Part-time permanent employment Full-time temporary employment Part-time temporary employment Compare and contrast ar-ar_200310_02_tb03_s_a_e.gif Social Locations: People with Disabilities People with phys/ mental impairments have always met with adversity within the workplace Federal Employment Equity act 1996, and Canada human rights act 1978 Question Are women, particularly ethnic women, barred from certain positions because of sexism in the workplace? Is feminization of work a bad thing? Or does it provide women with an avenue of mass entry into the labour market? [...]

[...] “Remember that the bulk of the nation's needy are actually working people and yet, these same jobs don't pay an adequate wage or have any employer-provided health benefits” (Merrifield, 32). < number > The Living Wage Campaign The Los Angeles Alliance for a New Economy (LAANE) Advocacy organization committed to setting a living wage in Los Angeles The umbrella organization that got the City Ordinance passed in LA to provide a “living wage” to municipal subcontracted employees Executive Director: Janis-Aparicio LAANE 2006 Year in Review video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QBoalyJcVBg&feature=channel Questions to Consider Do you think that precarious employment is necessary for economic growth? [...]

[...] The Latino population in Chicago The Sociology of Precarious Employment Outline The Sociology of Precarious Employment Feminization of Employment Social Location: Wage Workers Social Location: People with Disabilities The Sociology of Precarious Employment It is important to understand WHO is predominantly associated with precarious types of employment, and why there is a trend with a specific social community. Gender Social Location Immigration Industry Occupation Race Age Education Feminization of Employment What does this mean? Mass entry of women into the job market versus changing the normal composition for a specific job What are the trends? [...]

[...] A temporary agency is the means by which people who are unemployed, under- employed, or struggle to find work can be connected to an employer based on the employer's needs They may be connected with jobs assignments based on contract work, and paid low wages The temp agency as a business “People as Commodities” What are the advantages and disadvantages of temporary employment? ADVANTAGES OF TEMP EMPLOYMENT Flexibility in the types and amount of labour resources required Save costs in benefits and taxes for the employer Ability to keep up with ‘just in time' production needs DISADVANTAGES OF TEMP EMPLOYMENT High turnover jobs Training costs “Lean Production” Low- end service sector jobs with little chance of promotion Low paying jobs “Black- Street” temp agencies < number > The Role of Temp Staffing Industry In the 2001 recession in the US: TSI workforce represented a disproportionate amount of economy- wide job losses Held absorptive capacity A way to mitigate the unemployment rate of a region A shift from “just in time production” to “just in time employment” CASE STUDY: Chicago The rise of the TEMP AGENCY The case of underemployment in Chicago The idea of ‘people as commodities' Reconstitution of socio- political relations Temp Agencies and the Local Labour Populations Large NATIONAL temp agencies ‘LOCAL' temp agencies The Temp agencies locate where the people are Patterns of discrimination and segregation are often exaggerated Temp Agencies and the Regulation of Contingent Labour Markets Temp agencies play a major role in reorganizing ports of entry into the labour market Temp agencies are drawn towards the source of their labour demand “Reliably contingent” Ex. [...]

[...] A capitalist economy, Marx believed, requires a dispensable “industrial reserve army” – “relative surplus population” – as a condition for its own growth, as a condition for "expanded accumulation." The system literally feeds off unemployment and irregular employment: it needs it to keep wages in check and to maintain profitability, especially in light of capricious business cycles. A surplus population is, in short, "the lever of capitalistic accumulation" (Das Kapital, 784). < number > Questions to Consider Are temporary help agencies and their contingent workers preventing further off-shoring of industry? [...]