Trading and investment opportunities report for Mongolia

Emma T.

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Trading and investment opportunities report for Mongolia

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Résumé
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Résumé du document

The objective of this report is to identify potential investment and trading opportunities for Mongolia in the following five countries: Laos, Kazakhstan, Cambodia, Papua New Guinea, and Sabah (Malaysia). The source of data for identifying the country for potential trading and investment is coming from the compiled report for each of identified country. The process of identification would consist of two steps: first step: Initial Screening and second step: In-depth Screening.
The initial screening involves analyzing all the potential countries from the following macro-environment factors: Political, Economy, Social, Technology, and Legal. For each of the above factor, we examined each country through quantitative measures and qualitative perspective, and then we will rank each of the country accordingly. After all factors have been analyzed and the rank of each country in each factor has been determined, the ranking result would be consolidated, to decide the top two countries for further in-depth screening.

Sommaire

Political factors
1. The three aspects of the political landscape for each country
2. Laos, Cambodia, Kazakhstan, Papua New Guinea and Malaysia ? Sabah
Economic factors
1. Industry sector as a percentage of country GDP (2008)
2. Incentives for doing business
3. Fundamental analysis
Social factors
1. Geographic and demographic factors
2. Location
3. Other social factors
Technological factors
1. Cambodia: Transportation, Water, Electricity and Telecommunications
2. Papua New Guinea: Transportation and Telecommunications
3. Kazakhstan: Transportation, Energy, Telecommunications and Evaluation
4. Laos: Transportation, Water, Energy and Telecommunications
Legal factors
Summary of initial screening
In-depth screening

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Extraits

[...] Moreover, the status of Sabah is cause of conflicts between Malaysia and the Philippines, the latter claiming Sabah as part of their territory. Other minor disputes persist with neighbouring countries, over Spratly Islands (with China, Taiwan, the Philippines, Vietnam and Brunei), Ligitan and Sipandan Island and the land boundaries around Limbang (Brunei). Democracy Political rights Corruption Civil liberties Short term political risk Long term political risk International relations Average 2,3/5 2/5 2,2/5 2,1/5 4/5 3,2/5 2/5 2,5/5 Conclusion Laos Cambodia Kazakhstan Papua New Guinea Malaysia 1,5/5 1,7/5 2,2/5 2,3/5 ECONOMIC The Mongolian economy seems poised to grow at a reasonably healthy rate with the opportunity to attract significant foreign investment in the medium term due to the continuing uptrend in international metal prices. [...]

[...] The government is committed to developing road links to countries that provide access to major export markets. Kazakhstan is a crucial part of the Silk Road terrestrial trading routes between the Asia‐Pacific region (and China especially) and Europe (and Russia especially). Kazakhstan's main form of transport infrastructure for haulage and freight is rail. Its main railway system includes 13,700 km of track (rank: 19). Connections allow for shipment of freight throughout the Eurasian landmass. However, the access to markets in Europe, the Middle East, and the Far East is through rail connections that now pass through the territory of Russia TRADING AND INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES REPORT MONGOLIA Kazakhstan has 10 major airports in the country (99 in total), with international airports at Astana and Almaty. [...]

[...] Included are: the number of steps entrepreneurs can expect to go through to launch, the time it takes on average, and the cost and minimum capital required as a percentage of gross national income (GNI) per capita. Dealing with Construction Permits The procedures, time, and costs to build a warehouse, including obtaining necessary licenses and permits, completing required notifications and inspections, and obtaining utility connections. Employing Workers The difficulties that employers face in hiring and firing workers are shown below. Each index assigns values between 0 and 100, with higher values representing more rigid regulations. The Rigidity of Employment Index is an average of the three indices. [...]

[...] The following table shows the index of freedom from five countries, plus Mongolia. Please refer to exhibit 2 for more explanation on each of freedom indicator. Freedom Indicators Business Freedom Investment Freedom Property Rights Freedom from Corruption Labor Freedom Freedom Index (Average) Laos Kazakhstan Cambodia Papua New Guinea Malaysia Mongolia Source: 2010 Index of Economic Freedom (http://www.heritage.org/index/) From the selected relevant freedom index, Malaysia and Kazakhstan are the top two countries from the rest of three countries based on freedom index. [...]

[...] Greater distance usually means higher transportation costs. Export and Import Strategic Fit with Mongolia By having strategic fit in both export and import between the two countries, it will create a winwin situation which benefits both countries in the long run for stable trade relationship. From country similarity, both Kazakhstan and Mongolia historically inhabited by nomadic tribes. Politically, both of countries are heavily influenced by Russia and both countries are rich with natural resources especially in mining and fuel. On the other hand, Sabah and Mongolia are situated in Asia region and both are rich in natural resources. [...]

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