What should do both societies and governments from poor countries to liberate themselves from poverty?

Résumé du document

It is very important to understand that societies and governments from poor countries play the most important role in their development. Indeed, they are the masters of the development and the eradication of poverty in their countries and developed countries cannot play this part instead of them. Some theories such as the "dependency theory" developed in the 1960s and 1970s, state that poor countries will never go out of poverty because of the structure of the world system which makes all resources go from the "periphery" or poor countries to central rich countries. In other words, the unbalanced relationship between developed and developing countries creates such conditions that poor countries will never be able to drag themselves out of poverty and will remain exploited by developed countries.

Extraits

[...] Of course, they may have to face different kind of important difficulties: internal conflicts, lack of natural resources etc but if they manage to use their own national assets, they can overcome them. For instance, Balkan countries which have been torn apart by intestine and destructive wars for years are now taking the path to development and managing to tackle more or less efficiency the poverty problem. Liberia which had to face civil wars till 2003 has been experiencing a GDP growth rate of in 2005, which classified it as the 21st faster developing country in the world (source: CIA World factbook). [...]

[...] It may also make them aware of their own political weight. Another form to develop and enhance cooperation between developing countries is the regionalization process, in other words the process by which neighbors countries delegate some of their attributions to an organization in order to deal with problems of regional interests. Setting this kind of organizations can help poor countries to brainstorm together to find solutions to common problems and responds to the idea that although there is not one universal solution to poor countries' problems, neighbors may share some difficulties and working with countries with similar cultures can be a real asset, without mentioning that it enhances the regional stability which is one of the major problems developing countries have to face: since the establishment of the European Union, no more war had occurred among its members, while this continent used to be torn by conflicts. [...]

[...] If we transpose the Chinese's internal divisions in the international stage, we can understand that this may be detrimental to the social development of poor countries, as they may want to have the most limited amount of social expanses possible so that they will attract foreign capital or please the IMF or the World Bank. Instead of adopting such a negative attitude, the developing world should cooperate more and present a united front to weight in the negotiations in international institutions. [...]

[...] Hence, Civil Society must be granted enough autonomy, space and freedom to play an influential role on the State and to exert some form of control over it, nevertheless, the State, if it is able to do so, have a coordinating role to play to make sure the multiplicity of the organizations does not affect their efficiency and a watching role as well since civil society is not exempt from corruption, mistakes and abuses: the “Arche de Zoé” scandal in the recent months- this French NGO has been accused by the Chad government to have tried to deport illegally one hundred children to France- is a good illustration of the fact that governments should keep an eye on what is going on in their countries. To put it in a nutshell, governments and civil society must work hands in hands toward the development of their country. But how can they work together to eradicate poverty in their country? If they want to be responsible for their own development, the developing countries should get rid of the clout of Western countries, by making important investments in both human and physical capital. [...]

[...] Moreover, it seems important to me that coordination should be enhanced not only inside a country, but also across the borders: currently there is not much cooperation among the developing countries, trade among them is insignificant and they are even competing to obtain the largest amount of foreign aid and of foreign direct investments. This can lead to dramatic situations, such as the one faced by China whose different regions compete for foreign investments and therefore do not follow the rules and regulations set by the central government: for instance they refuse to fully implement the new employment contract law providing more protection to the workers, neither do they accept to increase their health expanses which is urgent in China. [...]