The reconcilation between economy and environment

Thèmes abordés

Reconcilation, economy, environment, economic growth, depletion, pollution

Résumé du document

Economic growth has allowed us two centuries to benefit from significant gains in well-being of the population. Economic growth is aimed at improving the living conditions and well-being of the population, however, some of its consequences, such as the depletion of natural resources or worsening pollution, raise the question of the long-term sustainability. These two centuries of growth are not made without pressure on men or on our environment. the growth has enabled many countries to experience an improvement in their living conditions.

Extraits

[...] A social dimension : Economic progress must be accompanied by human development that enable people , especially the most disadvantaged , access to education, health, able to live in decent housing and having a job .A environmental dimension : this growth and human development must be done in protecting natural resources , fauna and flora. Growth is sustainable if we are able to bequeath to future generations the same level of well-being or a higher level than we have. The well-being depends on four capital relationship with each other which include, in particular, physical capital, natural capital, human and institutional capital . Physical capital is a good produced in the past by man and used as means of production (building, machine, material . ) . [...]

[...] Human activities degrade ecosystems, destroying part of our stock of natural capital and, perhaps, our future growth. Can sustainability be a solution to balance growth and environmental preservation. Growth threatens our environment and the whole balance of our ecosystems particularly exhausting natural resources and polluting . The current growth depletes non-renewable resources of raw materials and energy, and rejects increasing amounts of waste, including polluting gases such as CO2, we do not know fully treat and manage. Since the industrial revolution, human activities have triggered energy a nature transformation. [...]

[...] These two centuries of growth are not made without pressure on men or on our environment. the growth has enabled many countries to experience an improvement in their living conditions . But this growth has not been without damage to our natural resources. Therefore, is it possible to reconcile growth and environmental preservation ? We start with an inventory of ecological limits to growth . We will then see that the damage to the environment requires the installation of sustainable development. [...]

[...] The investment we make in the health , education and research come into consideration in welfare . As for education , it opens up new possibilities of employment , income , but also simply useful knowledge in social life . Human capital has many economic benefits as possible to increase the employment rate to lower unemployment and increase labor income . Institutional capital includes the policy, legal and institutional regulations. Institutions are all human frameworks and constraints that structure political interactions , economic and social . [...]

[...] The regulations are to limit or prohibit emissions by law, by setting standards and sanctions for non-compliance. Tax weapon, meanwhile, is to pay the environmental cost of emissions by the producer or the user through an environmental tax that increases the price of products : user ( business or household) is encouraged to choose the least polluting because less taxed products Finally, the carbon market is to assign each production site "rights to pollute" , these rights can be sold for non - use. [...]