Burundi: Will the heart of Africa stay poor for ever?

Résumé du document

Burundi is a landlocked country with an equatorial climate on the east of Africa. The country is called "The heart of Africa" and it is located in a hilly and mountainous place, dropping to a plateau in the east. There are some plains but no maritime claims. Concerning its area, the country is slightly smaller than Maryland with 27,830 sq km. The country is bordered by 3 other countries: Democratic Republic of Congo, Rwanda and Tanzania and by 3 lakes. The most important is the Lake Tanganyika. Burundi is divided into 17 provinces, 117 communes and 2,638 colonies. The capital is Bujumbura. To answer the question “will Burundi stay poor for ever?”, firstly we are going to discuss the history of the country. In fact, the history of the country - specially the last 40 years – has influenced the current economic situation of the country. Then we will try to explain this situation and understand the economic and social difficulties of Burundi and discover the actions of the international community which play an important role to help the country. To conclude we will discuss the future of the country.

Extraits

[...] Since this period, Burundi lives in a climate of civil war. The last president Pierre Buyoya takes the power again in 1996. Between 1994 and 2000, human pert is evaluated of 300,000. Nevertheless of the 19 delegations of Burundi sign the agreement of Arusha for peace in Burundi of the council of security of the United Nations for stopping fights. In 2005, a new constitution is established and a new government elected, leads by President Pierre Nkurunziza. Pierre Nkurunziza, the new president of Burundi The current economic situation As a result of civil war, Burundi is one of the less developed countries and one of the poorest of the world in terms of GDP. [...]

[...] ONUB is composed of 5,650 military personnel civilian police, and support personnel in the form of 200 military observers and 125 military staff officers. UN Operation in Burundi (ONUB) completes its mandate in December 2006 after a three-year peace-keeping mission. Recently, the Government of Burundi held a Round Table of the partners in development of Burundi on May 2007 in Bujumbura. They have talked about the governance, the security, a sustainable and equitable growth, Development of Human Capital (which includes health, education, environment and other social sector). [...]

[...] Burundi, like Rwanda, is populated during the 8th century BC by the Batwas or Twas, a population living hunting in the forest. These ancestors of pygmy come from the West and speak a Bantu language (which would not Kirundi). Between the 10th and the 15th century communities the Hutus, a nation of farmers, and the Tutsis, pastors from the North - establish in the current territory of Burundi. These three communities of different origins are similar to each other over time and share the same Bantu language: the Kirundi. [...]

[...] The Human Development Index (HDI) is the measure of life expectancy, literacy, education, and standard of living for countries worldwide. This indicator can measure well-being, especially child welfare. He can determine and indicate if a country is developed or an underdeveloped country: The HDI is an indicator included between 0 (very bad) and 1 (excellent) The HDI of Burundi is nearly 0,384. Even if it's better than in the past, the situation of standard living in Burundi stays very bad. [...]

[...] Many of them are very anxious to avoid a repetition of massacres. In addition to numerous press releases denouncing the violations of human rights and encouraging them to peace, they have also invested millions of dollars and they have supported the Arusha negotiations and its implementation. Other small organizations help the youth of Burundi like Burundikids who creates for example schools, training centres, laboratories and boarding schools in Bujumbura. Burundikids works with strong partners. In 2003, it builds a primary school. [...]