Civil society

Résumé du document

The topic of civil society is one of the main topics as far as policy and politics are concerned. It refers to people, taken as population in a country or organized associations in the State, but different from governors. t would be interesting to study the history of the concept first, then civil society in the State and at last civil society and globalization.

Civil society appeared first different from natural state as understood by ancient philosophers. It means the general society of humans or the people in a State in opposition to unorganized state of nature as called by them. he concept of civil society is not new, although it is more used now. From Antiquity to Contemporary Period and passing by Middle Ages, civil society as concept referring to a reality of human societies has known a long history, which should be studied through the pre-quoted three times.

Extraits

[...] Big meetings of this global civil society, like those to oppose great political meetings, led by the movements of Alter-globalization are manifestation of the globalized and common fight for well-being. The process of globalized identity of citizens is also led by the world of culture (art, cinema, music, etc.) The Organization was created in Challenges for civil societies As globalization goes on, challenges of governance that national organizations faced become also global, so that they require more extended solutions and fight. [...]

[...] Their point of view has also to be taken in account by politics. In Côte d'Ivoire, there were in organizations and associations and in gathered in the Convention de la Société Civile Ivoirienne (Ivorian Civil Society Council), directed by Doctor Patrick N'Gouan2. III/ CIVIL SOCIETY AND GLOBALIZATION The social fact of globalization has developed and sharpened characteristics of civil societies, so that we can speak of a global civil society and globalization referred to it. Global Civil Society The phenomenon of melting political culture with promoting of democracy has fashioned a certain common world of values and created common interests and ways of defending them. [...]

[...] Contemporary Period The Contemporary Period is characterized by the birth of modern state as already spoken. It is also the period where civil society starts reaping the benefits of its efforts, by action. The struggle of labor movements in the West is well-known. Organizations like Red Cross and Crescent were created in humanitarian field in 18631 and others organizations on various fields different from the political one. International civil society has been manifested by United Nations as institution. This is the sign of a certain collective will of the nations to gather in all matters. [...]

[...] II/ CIVIL SOCIETY IN A STATE The place and function of civil society in a state have to be distinguished. Place of Civil Society The place of civil society in a State depends on the nation's political culture. But normally, in democratic systems, civil society constitutes a non political force face to governors and even to all political actors. An organized population in a State, well-educated and formed, knowing political challenges of its well-being is a power which controls, helps or oppose government policy. [...]

[...] Under the king or the prince there were the community of citizens recognized as possessing an identity in the State with rights. In Ancient Greece for example, there were farmers, artists and other members of the social body under the princes. This social body, whose members are linked by and for public goals and directed by governors constituted civil society. Middle Ages The concept was not different in its substance. As Thomas Hobbes said, civil society is all the people under the power of the sovereign. John Locke insisted on the voluntary link between men and women of a nation. [...]