Emile Durkheim and the Sociology

Résumé du document

The purpose of Emile Durkheim is primarily to establish a positive sociology. Emile Durkheim had leaf the ambition of becoming a Count and had discovered the general law of evolution of humanity. He left the philosophy of history and all general theory of the essence of society, seeking to discover, the laws that connect to such social phenomena as suicide or the division of labor increased population, by the ordinary methods of observation and induction. Sociology must contribute to social progress: "We believe our research does not deserve a time penalty if they were to have a speculative interest. If we carefully separate the theoretical problems from practical problems, it is not to neglect the latter; it is, instead, to put us in a position to solve them better.

Extraits

[...] Sociology and Philosophy (1925) Series studies of Emile Durkheim published in the Journal of Metaphysics and Moral and the Bulletin of the French Society of Philosophy. They illuminate his thinking, not just this or that particular sociological problem, but on philosophical problems in its own right: reports matter and mind, consciousness of nature, reason and sensitivity. There is a long article analyzing the determination of moral fact: "the highest good is in communion with others." Evolution teaching in France (1938) Reproduction of a course on the history of education in France, made by Durkheim in 1904-1905 and again in subsequent years until the war. [...]

[...] ) that [Durkheim] dedicated to studying the social question. It asked the then rather abstractly and philosophically, as the reports of individualism and socialism. In 1883, he said, and was the reports of the individual and society which became the subject . C 'then he is succeeded by an analysis of his progressive thought and practice, ( . ) to realize that the solution of the problem belongs to a new science of sociology. " (Marcel Mauss, Introduction to the current edition of Durkheim) The purpose of Emile Durkheim is primarily to establish a sociology positive, leaving the Count's ambition had discovered the general law of evolution of humanity and leaving any philosophy of history and all general theory of the essence of society, seeking to discover, by the ordinary methods of observation and induction, the laws that connect to such social phenomena as others, such as suicide or the division of labor increased population. [...]

[...] Chapter Rules relating to the observation of social facts The basic rule is to "treat social facts as things". This rule has the immediate corollary: systematically remove all preconceptions; group social facts by their external characteristics common; understand the social facts by the side where they are isolated from their individual events. Always explain social fact by another social fact. Chapter Rules relating to the distinction between normal and pathological Chapter Rules relating to the establishment of social types Chapter Rules relating to the explanation of social facts Chapter Rules for the Administration of evidence Suicide, Study of Sociology (1897) In 1897, Durkheim, devotes an entire book to the study of what he regards as a social phenomenon: the suicide rate is thus considered as an indicator of morality prevailing in a given society. [...]

[...] For him, the origin of religion, society itself. The sacred embodied in the social reality is defined as an anonymous force. "The company is to its members that God is faithful." This used to be called "religion" is what he now calls "society". "This, he says, an essential postulate of sociology that a human institution can not rest on the error and falsehood, without which it would have lasted. If it was not based in the nature of things, it would have met in the resistance of things she could not overcome the permanence of a rule is not the result of individual and hereditary habit, it is a test of its truth; Durkheim concludes that there is no religion "which are true as opposed to others which are false. [...]

[...] He sees his work as a scientist; a sociologist should be useful in resolving the difficulties of his contemporaries. Although he studied many issues (religion, education, morality, justice . integration, or what we now call social cohesion is probably the main problem that Durkheim devoted his reflection sociological. "Sociology is a science that studies with an overview of a typology and explanatory manner, different degrees of crystallization of social life, whose base is in the states of collective consciousness, irreducible and opaque individual consciences. [...]