Religion - United Kingdom VS United States

Résumé du document

England & Scotland have an established church: the Church of England (Anglican Church) and the Church of Scotland.
The process started with King Henry VIII, who created the Church of England after his split with the Pope, a few years after Martin Luther had published the Ninety-Five Theses (1517).
The King wanted his marriage annulled in order to marry his mistress, but the Pope refused so Henry passed the Act of Supremacy, which made him Supreme Head of the Church of England.

Extraits

[...] Obama, on the contrary, is pro-choice, even if he advocates a comprehensive sex-education programme in which both abstinence and abortion are priorities in order to reduce abortions. [...]

[...] Religion in the US A. The religious diversity • The US is one of the most religious-minded of all western democracies. Adherence level is remarkably high: 75-80% of the pop claims to believe in God and the overwhelming majority of Americans identify themselves as Christians. • The diversity of religious faiths is another striking feature. Let us not forget that several of the original 13 colonies were established by English settlers fleeing religious discrimination. The Massachusetts Bay Colony was founded by Puritans, Maryland by Roman Catholics It is a widely held view that the Puritan religion of many of the early settlers has helped to promote the idea that material success is not shameful but sign of God's blessing, therefore taking part in shaping the American world ethic. [...]

[...] The Amish settled in Pennsylvania in the 18th century. They are reluctant to adopt modernity, which they deem arrogant, and prefer to lead a humble life which is reflected in their simple clothes, and their rejection of modern appliances from radios to fridges. The Quakers (Society of Friends) was established in Pennsylvania in the 17th century reject such things as ornaments and sacraments, and preach simplicity, tolerance and pacifism. Other well-established sects include Jehovah's Witnesses, New Age, the Reverend Moon's Unification Church and the Church of Scientology. [...]

[...] - In 2004, one in five Church of England licensed priests were female. Yet, the issue has continued to divide traditionalists from reformers: - In 2012, the general synod of the Church of England voted narrowly against the appointment of women as bishops. • Debates over the ordination of women and other liberal reforms. Creation of an ordinariate for England and Wales in 2011. Affords Anglicans the possibility to defect to the Catholic Church while still maintaining the liturgical, spiritual traditions of the Anglican Communion. [...]

[...] Moreover, many of those attending are of the older generations. • In spite of a decline in church attendance of the population put themselves down as Christians in the 2001 census for England and Wales. Britain is also a multi-faith society, with many Christian churches other than the Anglican Church and also many Hindus, Sikhs, Muslims and Buddhists. B. Religion and politics • Religion is omnipresent in public life, from state ceremonies to schools where the day begins with a prayer, although it now tends to be ecumenical (œcuménique), so as to reflect the complex religious landscape of the country. [...]