Variations spatiales de l'anglais : les différents accents

Résumé du document

Variations spatiales de l'anglais : les différents accents, cours de linguistique de 25 pages



Les différents accents Britanniques :

* Les accents de Londres : Cockney et Estuary

* Les accents celtes : Irlandais, Ecossais



Les accents secondaires :

* General Canadian,

* General Australian

* Nouvelle Zélande

* New york : Brooklynese





- Ch1 INTRODUCTION -

- Ch2 Reference accents -

- Ch3 Linguistic capital cities -

Extraits

[...] is often realised as (alveolar flap) [ς_ς : between 2 vowels]: Very : ∀ϖερι ( ∀ϖε4Ε Sorry : ∀σΘρι ( ∀σΘ4Ε -You also find it when there is a consonant cluster : crate : κ4εΙτ / three Τ4ι: (this was widespread after WW2 but now it tend to be rare). - It is sometimes elided in a very small number of words (you can have one or another : ce serait des défauts de prononciations qui ont été copiés et copiés et qui ont été gardés): very ( ϖεΕ (cf Web pour les fonts : IPA Fonts, J.C. Wells (IPA Sam or SAMPA Wells)). Notes complémentaires : V. [...]

[...] (Ou - c'est la forme la moins sure de l'examen Commentaire basé sur un extrait audio). - Ch1 INTRODUCTION - We are going to deal with spatial variations: we'll be concerned with different accents (of course, an accent has nothing to do with stress stress is usually used for lexical stress). Accent sometimes means that an element in a particular sentence is stressed went to the market ‘yesterday). We'll be concerned with the differences in pronunciations : we'll thus be dealing with phonetics and phonological features and differences. [...]

[...] But they tend to generalize from this but sometimes it works, sometimes it doesn't. ex : to vibrate, to create (you can have both in GA). So, it's not as systematic as that. Furthermore, if you take the verbs to debate or to inflate, it's the same thing both in RP and in GA. So, it's not as systematic as that and even if you think to know the stress pattern, you have to check in a dictionnary. - There are other differences and you can't predict for sure bcs they are not part of a system : Moscow, process, shone (pret. [...]

[...] (ça ne paraît pas beaucoup maintenant mais il faut se souvenir que en 1790 : hab. aux USA ; en 1890 : hab. aux USA). There were other influences as well as the Spanish occupied a large part of the West and the South West, the French were in Northern territories than to the Gulf of Mexico, the Dutch were in New York (the original name was New Amsterdam. C'est pour ça que les grandes familles New Yorkaises ont des noms en Van Der the Germans arrived at the end of the 17th C and settled in Pennsylvania, the Africans entered the South through the slave trade and there was a big increase in the 18th C (1700: 2,500 slaves; 1775: 100,000 slaves). [...]

[...] When the syllable is stressed, it's not so systematic. Using a glottal stop word internally, that is to say inside a word before a vowel is typical of Cockney but not typical at all of EE and this is what you usually use to discriminate between Cockney speakers and EE speakers. (ex : water (RP=EE : but cockney : Happy tensing This is the SLS (Standard Lexical Set) HAPPY : We're dealing with the phonetic realization of the i sound. [...]