Forward look at life with review of state of the art in plasma and laser advanced technologies

Résumé du document

According to K. Darwin theorem, all elements of the world still evolve. If human actions come under scrutiny, unfortunately some of them should come in for criticism, as they frequently produce disastrous consequences that have to be taken later. Certainly, there are lots of useful inventions and innovations too. The main challenge is to make a good choice and foresee the possible future influence that new invention could have on our life. The good deal of thoughts is always essential, because jeopardy mainly occurs in consequence of decisions taken in a jiffy, or after incomplete research.
People attempt to create better things, to make their life easier and more comfortable.
Imagine a wonderful world, in which microscopic procreating robots are sent into a human body with a mission to detect cancer cells, disassemble them, and then send them off to the bloodstream as the waste products. Imagine also similar robots in hands of some sinister, filth infatuated force, which decides to turn an entire continent into the dust. The time is ripe for a question: Science fiction or reality?

In this report, some promising today's and futuristic technologies are presented as they seem to be very useful and might make some of our dreams come true. The technologies, for instance, give the opportunity to run surgery without using a scalpel, (laser) to produce huge energy without wasting natural resources (accelerators), build shelters and bridges – strong as never before(composite materials), or obviously more powerful electronic stuff.

In the middle of our work you will be introduced with Carbon Nanotubes. The topic then tightens a bit. This part exactly relates, what seems to be the most interesting and worth exploring to us.

“Nanotechnology is going to be the final technology, because with a fully operational nanotechnology, we will be able to build anything we want with almost any starting material”
Rodney S. Ruoff Ph.D


The aim of our team was to find the best product and then to convince a bank to invest money in it, so that it would be possible to earn. In this way, firstly, we found innovative branch, which had been developing fast, secondly, we checked the most promising products based on the technology and finally chose one, which would revolutionize and improve conditions of living.

Extraits

[...] Changing electron density can result in fields that accelerate particles thousands of times more quickly than conventional machines, accelerating electrons to high energies in short distances. The compactness of these accelerators would allow higher energies for the frontiers of fundamental physics and make clinical and laboratory applications of accelerators practical. In work that brings the promise of laser-driven particle accelerators dramatically closer to reality, scientists produced high-quality electron beams in an accelerating structure only a few millimetres long. This work offers the potential to shrink accelerators from miles to meters in length and open a range of new applications, from medicine to high-energy physics. [...]

[...] While their initial work was aimed at using carbon nanotubes as drug carriers, the investigators found that they could “trigger microscopic explosions of nanotubes in a wide variety of conditions”. They found that cell with nanotube inside could be destroyed when they are heated with laser beam to 70°. Actuators Nanotubes can also be used as actuators in synthetics muscle. With them, you can transform electric energy in mechanical energy. Actuators based on sheets of single-walled carbon nanotubes were shown to generate higher stresses than natural muscle and higher strains than high-modulus ferroelectrics. [...]

[...] The example of etching system using plasma is demonstrated below: Nanodevices 1. Quantum Confined Atom Nanotechnology is the science of making new materials - and structures like minute electronic devices, less than one millionth of a metre big - atom by atom. For instance, there is a new structure called `quantum confined atom` (QCA) that is hoped to become the building block for a range of new semiconductor devices. A quantum confined atom is an atom or an ion (atom with an electric charge) trapped within a `nanocrystal cage` tiny cage made from the atoms of a semiconductor). [...]

[...] The capacitor simply provides a way of setting the electric charge on the Coulomb Island. When the gate voltage is set to zero, very little tunnelling occurs through the junctions and opposite to the tunnelling, it is called the Coulomb Blockade. When the gate voltage raises to half an electron charge, the tunnelling current increases dramatically. Due to continuous charge transfer in metals, the gate capacitor can be set to non-integral number of electron charges. This voltage controlled current performance is similar to the field effect transistor, but of much smaller scale. [...]

[...] Lasers recently introduced for medical uses include the excimer laser and the tuneable dye laser.[2] V. Textile Introduction: The general reactions to be achieved by plasma treatment are the oxidation of the surface of a material, the generation of radicals, and the edging of the surface; when using special gases a plasma-induced deposition polymerization may occur. For the treatment of textiles this means that hydrophilization as well as hydrophobization may be achieved; moreover, both the surface chemistry and the surface topography may be influenced to result in improved adhesion or repellence properties as in the confinement of functional groups to the surface. [...]