The New Global Disorder ?

Thèmes abordés

Order global terrorism westphalian war on terror rogue states disorder huntington unipolar mes multipolar power cold America hegemony djihad NATO

Résumé du document

The New Global Disorder ?


With the end of the Cold War and the collapse of the USSR, the advent of a « new global order » (G.H. Bush in 1990) was scheduled. But for a few years, the planet seems to be in a messy disorder : the political crisis (most of all in Middle-East), the dissemination of violence et the spread of insecurity generate worry in the western world and feed a gloomy outlook of future.
The international system where we now live is far different from the past ones : new hierarchy of world powers, assertion of new actors, state-controlled or not, heavy reviews of the international institutions... Are these arguments a reason to evoke a "new global disorder" ?
Studying this issue, I have asked myself two unsophisticated questions: why new? and why disorder?

1. Why "new" ?

-The past orders

By the past, many orders have regulated the world. Let's see them :

- The Westphalian Order

In 1648, le treaty of Westphalia put an end to the Thirty Years' War, a religious and politic conflict between two coalitions lead by England and by the Holy Roman Empire. This treaty initiate a new order in Europe, based on the sovereignty of the Nation states, which emerge during the War. The study of the peace of Westphalia seems essential to study the current international scene.
Indeed, the Westphalia Order shape the modern Europe, that is to say a juxtaposition of world powers.


The Westphalien order disappear with WWI

Extraits

[...] Bertrand Badie said that Hyperterrorism is the revenge of nuisance on power. The Islamic terror, which is a wide and enduring plague, is the best example of this hyperterrorism. Since the 9/11 the Western Wolrd live in ther fear of new terrorist attacks. This threat is really different from others because of its diffuse nature and because of its unpredictability. The GW Bush government launched the War on Terrorism in 2001 to struggle against the Al Qaeda movement. This concept allowed the US to lead two wars in Afghanistan and in Irak. [...]

[...] The New Global Disorder ? With the end of the Cold War and the collapse of the USSR, the advent of a « new global order » (G.H. Bush in 1990) was scheduled. But for a few years, the planet seems to be in a messy disorder : the political crisis (most of all in Middle-East), the dissemination of violence et the spread of insecurity generate worry in the western world and feed a gloomy outlook of future. The international system where we now live is far different from the past ones : new hierarchy of world powers, assertion of new actors, state-controlled or not, heavy reviews of the international institutions Are these arguments a reason to evoke a “new global disorder” ? [...]

[...] Furthermore, the new great powers, like Chine or Russia, try to benefit from every Us mistakes. Nonetheless, the real fringe states aren't many, and their power is quite trivial : Thus, Iran is absolutely not similar to Germany in the 30's. And North Korea is almost in bankrupt. Generally speaking, the economic surge is linked to a rise of nationalism, which is understandable. The plague is that pride and insurance in the emerging countries lead to suspicion for industrialized countries, which are now competitors. Then economic globalization generate political nationalism. [...]

[...] • Nowadays, the surge of new actors all over the globe. The emerging giants are these countries like China, India, Brazil which integrate the global economy since the 80's and 90's, thanks to their amazing growth rate. We generally gather them into the BRIC group, with the four major emerging economies. For a few time we can also see the E7 logo, in comparison with the G7. The emerging countries are featured by some common points : their big (territories), their demographic weight, their high growth rates, and their huge market potential. [...]

[...] If we currently talk about a “new” disorder, we can explain it because it follows great hopes of a quenching (apaisement) of the international relationships after years of Cold War. These hopes of a global order based on the law, lead by the United Nations, disappear too fast, only 20 years after their birth. We live today in a transitional phase between a unipolar world and a multipolar world, and it could explain the feeling of such a mess. [...]