The contribution of spanish Muslims to european philosophy, science and technology

Résumé du document

Essay on Medieval History dealing with the contribution of spanish Muslims culture to West european civilization.

Extraits

[...] The works of Spanish Muslims astronomers were widely studied in Europe and became the basis of modern astronomy. In Mathematics, the translation of Euclid's works and it deepening permitted to Spanish Muslims to created new theories: as the simplification of equations, the development of fractions, or the determining of the number by Banû Mûsâ. One of the most important introductions in mathematics by the Muslims is from India: the Indian numbers with nine characters is used in Al-Andalus in the 9th century, it has been transmitted to Christianity in the 10th century. [...]

[...] At the beginning, the interest to philosophy was because of it relation with religion. With the failure of the Crusades Muslims as Christians wanted to prove the superiority of their own religion in using the reason: it is the apologetic, which brought about an intellectual confrontation between Christianity and Islam. Close to theology, this Islamic philosophy has been rapidly outshined, as we can see with Ibn Hazm of Cordova (994-1064) in his “al-Fasl fi al-Milal w-al- Ahwa'w-al-Nihal” established a critical history of religions and heresies, as well as Ibn-Tufayl (1105 1185) who made a philosophical criticism of traditional religions. [...]

[...] B. F. REILLY, Medieval Spains.” Cambridge University Press pages. J. VERNET, que la culture doit aux Arabes d'Espagne”, Sindhab pages. W. M. WATT, A History of Islamic Spain Edinburgh University Press pages. CERULLI, Libro della Scalà”, Vatican p.550. Mark Graham, "How Islam Created the Modern World" (2006). Rashindun Caliphate is the succession of the first four caliphs in Islam's history, was founded after Muhammad's death in 632 Collins, Roger The Arab Conquest of Spain, 710–797, Blackwell. [...]

[...] The influence of Spanish Muslims on medieval medical science was profound. For example, Avicenne with his book has been considered as a master in every universities in Europe until the end of the 16th century. The use of many Arabic medical terms in the European languages bears testimony to such influence. There are a lot of examples of medical words commonly used in European language which have an Arabic origin. Spanish Muslim theories in mathematics, centuries after has been used by the celebrated Italian mathematician Fibonacci. [...]

[...] M. IMAMUDDIN, "Some aspects of the socio-economic and cultural history of Muslim Spain 711-1492 A.D", Brill pages. J. VERNET, que la culture doit aux Arabes d'Espagne”, Sindhab pages. J. VERNET, que la culture doit aux Arabes d'Espagne”, Sindhab p. [...]