How useful is the term ‘Africa rising’ in understanding development in Africa?

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Rédaction en anglais/étude de document sur: How useful is the term ‘Africa rising' in understanding development in Africa?

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[...] They do not want to take the risk of losing everything because of political troubles, for example. However, Africa is still facing, in many countries, what we should call the internal obstacles to development: political instability characterized with demonstrations and violence, and uncertainty in what will happen in a few years or months - revolutions can be particularly deadly in Africa. Even in autocracies apparently stable, a complicated administration, including corruption, nepotism and favoritism, is also far to encourage investment. [...]

[...] Botswana, for example, is already considered as an intermediate country, not anymore a development country - a rare promotion in Sub-Saharan Africa. But, the best illustration of this changing Africa is definitely Ethiopia. This country, the only one in Africa, with Liberia, to have never been colonized, faced however periods of instability in the XXth century, as well as a destructive war with Eritrea, and a famous famine in the 1980s, which killed over one million people. We can imagine how difficult it was, at a time, for this country and its people to imagine how it could leave the spiral of poverty and build a better future. [...]

[...] Many countries seem, even in 2019, still condemned to keep the same vicious circles they have been following for decades: war, weakening of the economy, and finally situations of famine and never ending - even if justified - contestation, causing a permanent climate of instability. How could then the dynamic of some countries become a continental dynamic? There are many theories trying to answer this question. Let us suggest the following one: since there are new economical "motors" within the continent, it would be, more than ever, the best moment to work on a new African cooperation on development and political stabilization. An African Union already exists but remains much weaker, in terms of power, than the European Union. [...]

[...] This theory can seem relevant if we consider that Africa is objectively in a better situation than it was a couple of decades ago: there has been a strong process of democratization in most of the African countries (even if it is still far to be perfect), and a quantitative decrease of the number of armed conflicts within the continent, whatever the kind of conflict (internal, international . Following the "Millennium Development Goals" in the 2000s, we have also observed many progresses in different development sectors, such as in primary education. [...]

[...] How useful is the term « Africa rising » in understanding development in Africa ? Introduction - Africa and its paradoxes Africa: a continent of diversity, gathering more than 50 countries, and mosaics of ethical, religious and cultural groups, certainly with a strong potential. However, even nowadays, the image most of the people have of Africa remains negative: poverty, hunger, wars, and diseases such as AIDS or malaria . The newspapers give us updated news of the crisis some countries can be facing at a time, such as the war against terrorists in Mali in 2013 or the Ebola crisis in Liberia, Sierra Leone and Guinea in 2014, and barely about positive events happening on the same continent. [...]