Racial segregation and ethnic minorities in the United States

Résumé du document

Racism has always existed in the world. But, the place where racial segregation was the strongest and still is, is the United States of America. From the Civil war (1861-1865) to 1964 when the Civil Rights Act was proclaimed, ethnic minorities, and especially the Blacks, underwent on behalf of the Whites, discriminatory acts. There were several solutions proposed to integrate ethnic minorities but nowadays, even if the segregation is more discreet, discrimination is not checked. A minority, according to the School of Chicago, defines every group of people which is different, by religion, culture, language or ethnic membership. The last census of the American population in 2000 shows that nowadays, the American population is multicultural, with 12.5% of Hispanics, 12.1% of Blacks, 69.1% of Whites, 3.6% of Asians and 1.6% of half-blood people.

Extraits

[...] The actual trend is the Diversity Management : to employ minorities to go into the statistics of the multicultural firms. But, it is a false image because the discrimination did not disappear : refusal to promote, stagnation of the salary, harassment . Several black employees suffer from nervous breakdown or depression. III/Martin Luther King and Rosa Parks: two symbolic faces in the fight against racial segregation. Martin Luther King. Martin Luther King was born in Atlanta the 15th of January of 1929. [...]

[...] community assembly, an economic cooperative and a popular court to manage the conflicts with autonomy. After the Civil Rights Act Historian and American political analyst (1922- . The Civil Rights Act of 1964. The Civil Rights Act, signed by the president of the United States, Lyndon Baines Johnson the 2th of July of 1964, declared illegal the discrimination basing on the race, the colour, the religion, the sex, or the national origin. After the ratification of the Civil Rights Act, racial discrimination was declared illegal but, even if it is less obvious than in 1900, it remains hard for ethnic minorities to accede to a real equality of rights. [...]

[...] Howard Zinn1 says that “between 1889 and 1903, two Blacks in average were killed every week” by hanging, being burnt at the stake, or by mutilation. The Ku Klux Klan used always lynchings and whole performances, like THE KU KLUX KLAN. crosses burned-out in the areas where lived black people, to settle a terrifying climate in the black population. The racial segregation also reigned in the world of work : employers and unions gave hard and low paid jobs to black workers. [...]

[...] By the use of racial quotas, the minorities are locked into their ethnic identity and the “Affirmative Action” would be a brake in the integration of the minorities in the American society and a new involuntary mode of racial segregation (1926-1990) American defender of the civic rights of the Blacks. BIBLIOGRAPHY Books and Articles: L'Histoire n°306, février 2006, Les États-Unis : un siècle de ségrégation par Pap Ndiaye New York, Anthony Burgess, Coll. Les Grandes Cités, Edition Time-Life,Amsterdam De l'Autre côté, Mexicains aux Etats-Unis in Visages d'Amérique Latine juin 2006. Villes et société urbaine aux Etats-Unis. Cynthia Ghorra-Gobin. [...]

[...] The ethnic card of New York extends, for the Blacks, from Harlem to BedfordStuyvesant, for the Puerto Ricans from the east of Harlem to Brooklyn Heights, Chinese are in Chinatown, Hungarian are on the second avenue, Scandinavians are in Bay Ridge, in Brooklyn, Polish are on the 7th and 8th avenues. II/Racial segregation : a difficult integration for the ethnic minorities. From the end of the Civil War to the Civil Rights Act. In 1876, the laws Jim Crow were established. These laws distinguished people according to their racial membership, and while admitting their equality of rights, imposed the segregation in every public place and public service. [...]