las fallas en la regulacion y proteccion internacional del medio ambiente

Thèmes abordés

Cambio climatico PNUMA

Résumé du document

trata las divergencias y desafíos de la protección del medio ambiente a nivel internacional

Extraits

[...] The Kyoto protocol is one example of an MEA with great potential for conflict with the WTO but there are also six other MEAs with important trade obligations: the Basel Convention on the Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Waste; the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES); the Biosafety Protocol of the Convention on Biodiversity; the Rotterdam Convention; the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants; and the Montreal Protocol on Ozone-Depleting Substances (WTO 2005). On one side, globalization has made trade measures more necessary than ever pushing the WTO to create trade principles. On the other side, cross-border characteristics of environmental problems force MEAs to use trade measures as efficient means to protect environment. Consequently, this results in the growing interference between trade measures and environmental agreements. [...]

[...] (2006) Global Environmental Governance: a reform agenda, International Institute for Sustainable Development Ostrom, E. (1990) Governing the Commons: The Evolution of Institutions for Collective Action, Cambridge University Press Samuelson, P.A. (1954) The Pure Theory of Public Expenditure, Review of Economics and Statistics UNEP Overview (2007) Disponible en el sitio web: http://www.unep.org/resources/gov/overview.asp Anexo: UNA BASE LIBERALIZADORA COMÚN: LA OMC Como es de común saber, la Organización Mundial del Comercio (OMC) es la única organización internacional que se ocupa de las normas que rigen el comercio entre los países miembros. [...]

[...] These points are main reasons why the Kyoto protocol continues to be viewed with pessimism. On the other hand, the Kyoto protocol also carries away many optimistic thoughts and many motivated actors that give hope to international cooperation regarding environmental issues. To give specific examples, the European Union and Canada are engaged countries that are willing to participate actively in the protocol and its targets. Moreover, not only countries, but also pioneer industries have taken the initiative to follow exemplary policies on fighting climate change. [...]

[...] El segundo elemento consta en el concepto de exclusión”: este principio refiere a la imposibilidad de excluir del consumo de un producto a determinadas personas. La baja capacidad de exclusión implica que o es imposible o muy difícil prohibir el consumo de un bien a otros individuos. Dicho esto, los bienes públicos son aquellos“ reconocidos por brindar beneficios que no son fácilmente confinados a un único ‘comprador'. Una vez proveídos, muchos pueden gozar de ellos gratuitamente. Un ejemplo de estos bienes son los nombres de las calles. Un ambiente limpio es otro” (Kaul & Grunberg 2003). [...]

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