Discrimination in the working place

Résumé du document

This document studies the existence of discrimination, especially racial discrimination, in working places in France as it is in America. In the first part, I will explain the ground reality in France regarding discrimination at work, and in the second part, I will describe the American situation. Finally, I will discuss the effects of discrimination on victims and detail methods in which they can fight against it.

Extraits

[...] The Fourteenth Amendment (ratified in 1868) makes it illegal for any state to “make and enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges and immunities of citizens of the United States” and the courts have generally viewed this law as barring discrimination on the basis of sex or national origin, as well as race[11]. Other laws as well as various court decisions made discrimination against minorities illegal as early as the turn of the century. But all these old laws are only theory and the reality is sometimes very different. [...]

[...] Even if they have a work, the feeling of discrimination can be there. A good example of double discrimination in the workplace could be about the women police officers in the United States and especially about black women. The question of discrimination is central. The presence of discrimination in the workplace is identified by almost all black women officers and half of the white women. Moreover, most agreed that the discrimination within the department exists on two levels: gender and race. [...]

[...] Some other discrimination can appear and are less known or less widespread. It could be for example, a language or marital status discrimination. Conduct is harassment if it creates a hostile, intimidating, or offensive work, or adversely affects the individual's employment opportunities. This subject is very wide. That's why, even if about all the aspects of discrimination will be treated; this essay will be almost concentrated around the racial discrimination The reality on the field in france 1. FIGURES Discrimination at work and especially racial discrimination are very polemical subjects in France. [...]

[...] It could concerns the wage, formations or promotions. This kind of problem is a very spread in the private sector, but it is heterogeneous. Concerning foreign people and their working life problems, this difference is really visible in France. Even if they have some diplomas, some foreign people have a less interesting job, with less responsibilities and a less important wage than French people. It is called the glass ceiling (“plafond de verre”). This word is also use for women at work because some of them are victims of pay inequity and harassment THE LAW IN FRANCE Discrimination is not a new phenomenon. [...]

[...] The burden of proof for discrimination concerning the access to an accommodation and it forbid moral harassing. Now the legislative framework is more in favour of victims. The protection of the fundamental rights of French citizens is a priority for the French government and it that way for the European Union too. Decisions taken by the European Union need to be accepted by each country. Progress has been made bar discrimination based on sex, racial or ethnic origin, religion or belief, disability, age or sexual orientation. [...]