Is culture an intrinsic element of management and leadership: Eastern Europe against Western Europe?

Résumé du document

Since the quickening of the Industrial Revolution in United Kingdom in 1850 there is no doubt that Europe sustained important cultural changes. The aura of this revolution crossed the Channel and pervaded in Europe but only went in western countries ready to change, France the first, then Germany, Italy, Spain, northern countries and until Austria. In addition, the impact of this industrial revolution was more limited beyond these countries, Poland, Russia and other countries of Eastern Europe were tardier in the evolution of their industry despite some exceptions. There is no denying that this revolution thus permitted a boom of new systems of management, Taylorism and Fordism for example and many others.

Moreover, the culture of each country of Europe has changed during the first quarter of the 20th Century according to the evolution of mentalities and parameters linked to the impact of the revolution. Totally new thoughts and personalities brought out and mainly in Western Europe but until Western Europe too (delimited from Hungary to the present Russia). Religion, Art, Politics, Industry, Science were involved.

This revolution was an entire upset which in some way separated Europe between a productive one in the west and another latecomer one in the east. It thus appeared from this period some fundamental differences in terms of culture, on the one hand a more liberal culture and on the other hand a more sovietized culture, due to the hegemony of Russia on its satellite states. In a second time, the first and second world wars spawned eastern and western military blocks which deg gaps between cultures, mind and management systems because of the influence of different political systems, leaders, ideologies.

Extraits

[...] That is why their wishes and the necessity to believe in people and in homeland is a common factor. Thus, they use a similar leadership system even if they belong to Eastern or Western Europe. Moreover, each area of industry requires specific skills of management style to be as efficient as possible. If these managers or leaders have not these qualities, they can not succeed in their own domain. To put it in a nutshell, there is no doubt that culture is an intrinsic element of management and leadership in both Eastern and Western Europe. [...]

[...] There was a big culture gap between Eastern and Western Europe. They have not followed the same studies. Poincaré studied at the University of Paris, while Lenin studied on its own. So culture is an important element to take into account in leadership Skoda in czech republic Presentation of czech republic Czech Republic is a country of central Europe which has a surface of 78,864 square kilometres and a population of million of inhabitants. Czech Republic is composed of the plateau of Bohemia with an altitude of around 500 metres and the plain of Moravia and is surrounded by mountains. [...]

[...] Conclusion Generally speaking, we can say that culture is a fundamental element of different kinds of management and leadership. Indeed, though characteristics of our leaders are similar in a same area of activity, culture differences between countries generate various management and leadership systems. First of all, because of the subservience of communism on Eastern Europe, we can see that this specific political system brought differences in terms of management techniques. Indeed, we saw that Western European managers consider that communication skills are more important contrary to Eastern European managers. [...]

[...] Concerning Lenin's and Poincaré's Management, there are some similarities and differences. First of all, concerning similarities, they were both visionary leaders. They both quickly entered the political arena, despite some reservations. The context of that time was not conducive to their entry, but they have been able to put forward their ideas. They both had a good sense of communication. Moreover, they were both directive leader. Indeed, they had high standard goals and they both wanted to get high quality results. [...]

[...] There is no doubt that the leadership system of Franco is similar as Ceausescu's even if they belong to Eastern and Western Europe. Franco, according to his very classical education, fought all things which were on the contrary of what he received in terms of culture. Thus, leadership of Franco was based on his beliefs and his references. The fact that Ceausescu wanted to rally Romanian people around historical personalities and his wish to become a new ‘Hitler' or a new ‘Stalin' with a dictatorial system show us that culture is in the middle of leadership Walesa in poland Presentation of poland The Republic of Poland is a country of Central Europe with 38 million of inhabitants. [...]